【摘要】 曹操墓自发掘以来,墓中一些问题尚未得到合理的解释。关于曹操墓中两位女性的身份问题,尤其是年长女性是否为卞太后一直是学界争论的焦点。曹操所娶的妻妾中,卞氏地位最高,权位最重,其于魏明帝太和四年(230年)去世,享年71岁。关于卞氏的安葬形式,文献有"合葬"与"袝葬"两种记载。无论是"合葬"还是"袝葬",都有"同茔异穴""同穴合葬"两种形式。若是后者,则该墓一定存在着"二次开穴"的事实,而曹操墓"找到了二次合葬的最直接的证据"。"二次开穴"的确定,为解决卞太后的身份问题提供了决定性的根据。因为"二次开穴"首先与卞太后的"身份"相合、埋葬次序相合;其次与《三国志·后妃传》等相关文献记载相合;最后与墓中某些不属于曹操的"稀世珍宝"相合。据此可以推定:曹操墓中那位年长女性就是卞太后。而考据当时的丧葬习俗,年青女性应是卞太后的侍女或佣人,她是自愿或被迫为卞太后"殉死"。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the Cao Cao Tomb was discovered, some problems havent been given the reasonable explanation.Who were the two women in the tomb? Was the elder one Empress Bian? Among Cao Caos wife and concubines, Bianwas the highest and most powerful one and she lived for 71 years. About her Burial, there were two records inliterature:"burial with Cao Cao in the same tomb" or "burial in her own tomb near Cao Caos". If they were buried inthe same tomb, there had to have the fact of "the second opening of the tomb". Now "the most direct evidence of thesecond tomb opening was found" in Cao Cao s Tomb, so the elder one should be the Empress Bian according toinference, and the younger one should be her maid who died for empress voluntarily according to then burial custom.更多还原