【摘要】 本文采用简单的低温油浴反应法制备了六方柱状短棒、六方柱状长棒和片层状自组装ZnO花状纳米结构.通过对反应温度、表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)用量等实验条件的控制,合成了形态可控的ZnO花状纳米结构.用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜对ZnO纳米结构的成分、尺寸和形态进行了表征分析.实验研究表明,表面活性剂PVP的用量和反应温度对ZnO纳米结构的形态产生显著影响,探讨了PVP的作用及ZnO纳米结构的生长机制.光电化学性能研究表明,ZnO纳米结构的形态对其光电化学性能具有显著影响.基于实验和分析,我们对不同形态ZnO花状纳米结构的光电化学性能作了合理的解释.本文所制备的ZnO纳米结构在光解水制氢及环境污染水净化处理等清洁能源和环境治理领域具有潜在的应用前景.更多还原

【Abstract】 Various flower-like ZnO nanostructures self-assembled by short hexagonal rods,long hexagonal rods and sheet-like nanostuctures were successfully synthesized by a low temperature oil bath route. The experimental results demonstrate that the morphology of ZnO nanostructures can be controlled by simple controlling the amount of surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone( PVP) and growth temperature. The chemical composition,size and morphology of as-prepared ZnO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction( XRD) and scanning electron microscope( SEM). The experimental results indicated that the amount of PVP and growth temperature had obvious effects on the morphology of ZnO nanostructures. The role of PVP and growth mechanism of ZnO nanostructures were also discussed in detail. The photoelectrochemical performance studies revealed that the morphology of ZnO nanostructures had significantly impacts on their photoelectrochemical performance.On the basis of experimental results and analysis,we propose a reasonable explanation on the photoelectrochemical performance of various flower-like ZnO nanostructures. We believe that the as-prepared ZnO nanostructures in this work have potential application in photoelectrochemical water splitting,photocatalytic dagradation of organic pollutants in water and other areas of clean energy and environmental governance.更多还原