【摘要】 目的了解和分析攀枝花市全人群甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)病毒(HAV)感染情况及免疫状况;为进一步完善攀枝花市甲肝的防治策略提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取攀枝花市东区等5个县(区)全人群常住人口,分7个年龄组,每个年龄组抽取约20人,总共686人,血清标本686份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法对血清中抗HAV-Ig G进行血清学检测。结果攀枝花市人群HAV-Ig G阳性率为93.15%,5~6岁组抗HAV-Ig G阳性率为96.12%,20岁以上组阳性率为95.92%,7~14岁组最低;剔除甲肝疫苗接种史不详者,有免疫史的500人中,甲肝疫苗的接种率为75.40%;抛出未到接种年龄的人群,1.5~2岁组甲肝疫苗接种率最低(58.51%),其次为15~19岁组(62.22%);在有免疫史的500人中,抗HAV-Ig G阳性率为93.20%,7~14岁最低(83.13%),其次为15~19岁组(86.67%);2008年之前出生的人血清抗中HAV-Ig G阳性率(90.1%)低于2008年之后出生的人血清中抗HAV-Ig G阳性率(95.6%);2008年之前出生的人甲肝疫苗接种率(36.4%)明显低于2008年之后出生的人甲肝疫苗接种率(69.5%)。结论既往攀枝花市的甲肝疫苗接种策略显著提高了儿童和青少年人群的甲肝抗体水平,但接种甲肝疫苗产生的抗体滴度存在随着时间推移逐渐消退的可能,需要考虑加强免疫,重视7~14岁年龄组人群甲肝疫苗的补种。应加强甲肝防治知识的健康教育,继续实行以保护易感人群和切断传播途径为主的综合防制策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To understand and analyze the infection situation and immune status of hepatitis A virus(HAV) in whole population of Panzhihua City,provide references for completing the control strategy for hepatitis A in Panzhihua City.[Methods]Using stratified cluster sampling method,the permanent populations in five counties(districts)of Panzhihua City were sampled,the population was divided into 7 age groups,and 20 people were collected for each group. A total of 686 people 686 were enrolled in this study. 686 serum specimens were tested by the enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA),to detect the antibody of HAV-Ig G.[Results]The positive rate of HAV-Ig G among population in Panzhihua City was 93.15%. The positive rate of HAV-Ig G in 5-7 year-old age group was 96.12%,and that in people over 20 years old was 95.92%,while the positive rate in 7-15 year-old age group was the lowest. After excluding the people with unknown vaccination history of hepatitis A,the vaccination rate of hepatitis A among500 people with immunization history was 75.40%. After excluding the people has not reached the age of vaccination,the vaccination rate of hepatitis A in 1.5-3 year-old age group was the lowest(58.51%),followed by 15-20 year-old age group(62.22%). Among 500 people with immunization history,the positive rate of HAV-Ig G was 93.20%,and the positive rate in 7-15 year-old age group was the lowest(83.13%),followed by15-20 year-old age group(86.67%). The positive rate of serum HAV-Ig G in people born before 2008(90.1%)was lower than that in those born after 2008(95.6%). The vaccination rate of hepatitis A in people born before 2008(36.4%)was significantly lower than that in those born after 2008(69.5%).[Conclusion]The hepatitis A vaccination strategy has significantly improved the antibody levels of children and adolescents in Panzhihua City. However,antibody titer of hepatitis A vaccinations may reduce with the passage of time,it is necessary to carry out the booster,and focus on the supplementary immunization in 7-15 year-old age group. Health education on prevention and control of hepatitis A should be strengthened,and the integrated control strategy(to protect susceptible population and to cut off the route of transmission)should be further implemented.更多还原