Objective To review the advances in the diagnosis and treatment of obstetric brachial plexus palsy(OBPP). Methods The incidence, risk factors, classification, and imaging tests of OBPP and indication, technique, and results of surgery were reviewed and summarized. Results The incidence of OBPP is not declining in recent years. Birth weight of ≥ 4 kg, forceps delivery, and prepregnancy body mass index of ≥ 21 are considered to be major risk factors, and caesarean section delivery seems to be a protective fac...