【摘要】 预立临终医疗指示是指个人在具有清醒意识及决定能力时为自己将来可能失去决定能力时的医疗目标和手段提前做出安排,其重点在于指示人通过与家属及医生充分地沟通,来确立当指示人处于末期状态时是否实施心肺复苏术,其目的是鼓励放弃不必要的心肺复苏。其包括治疗指示与永久性的医疗代理权两种形式,由末期病人及判断、自愿、医疗代理人、放弃心肺复苏的临床策略几个主要制度构成。预立临终医疗指示是人作为自主主体的要求,有着利他性和至高的道德权威性,应该得到尊重、维护与推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 Advance directive refers to the arrangement that one makes for the terminal medical treatment in advance when s/he is fully conscious and able to make decisions.The focus is to confirm whether the designator should receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation in his/her terminal state on the basis of adequate communication between s/he herself/himself,his/her family members and the doctor,with the aim of encouraging the abandonment of unnecessary cardiopulmonary resuscitation.There are two forms of advance directives:treatment instruction and permanent medical agency.An advance directive includes such rules as concerning the terminal patient,judgment,voluntary,medical agent,and abandonment of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.The advance directive is the requirement of man as an autonomous subject;it embodies altruism and supreme ethical authoritativeness,and deserves respect,support and popularization.更多还原