【摘要】 为了探讨南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei Boone)肠道及其养殖环境中细菌种群组成和分布,采用Illumina miseq测序平台,基于16S r RNA基因的序列测定结果,对南美白对虾肠道及其养殖池塘底泥、水体中细菌的种群结构进行分析。结果显示,在南美白对虾肠道、养殖池塘底泥、水体分别检测到206、265和270个细菌属,其中,有90个属在3个样品中均可检测到,底泥和水、底泥和虾肠道、水和虾肠道中检测到的共有细菌属分别为146、128和119个,表明养殖池塘底泥、水和肠道中细菌存在密切的相互作用。在底泥、水和虾肠道样品中丰度大于1%的优势菌属分别有20、17和10个;底泥、水体和虾肠道中丰度最高的细菌均为一种分类未明的细菌属,丰度分别为23.08%、37.13%和42.22%。除此之外,底泥中主要优势细菌属分别为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)(5.77%)、Ohtaekwangia(4.79%)和狭义的梭菌属(Clostridium)(3.88%);水体中主要优势细菌属分别为土壤杆菌属(Sediminibacterium)(6.64%)、Spartobacteria genera incertae sedis(3.95%)和GPIIa(3.20%),而虾肠道中主要优势细菌属分别为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)(14.57%)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)(6.54%)。在底泥、水和肠道中分别检测到3、6和6个潜在致病细菌属,丰度最高的细菌属分别是假单胞菌属(5.77%)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)(0.77%)和假单胞菌属(14.57%)。在底泥、水和肠道中检测到的益生菌可分别分配至8、6和7个细菌属,其中有5个属在3个样品中均可检测到。聚类分析显示,养殖池塘底泥、水体和南美白对虾肠道细菌种群中丰富度位于前20的分类操作单元(OUT)在聚类树的位置存在明显不同。研究结果进一步加深了对健康南美白对虾肠道细菌种群及其与养殖环境中细菌种群互作的理解,为益生菌制剂的研发提供了新的线索。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the bacterial species composition and distribution in the intestine of Penaeus vannamei Boone and its aquacultural environment, we used Illumina Mi Seq high-throughput pyrosequencing to analyze the composition of the bacterial communities in the gut of P. vannamei Boone and its aquacultural sediments and water, based on the 16 S r RNA sequence. We detected 206, 265, and 270 genera in the gut of P. vannamei Boone, the aquaculture sediment, and the water, respectively. Ninety genera occurred in all three samples, 146 genera in the sediment and water, 128 in the sediment and P. vannamei Boone intestine, and 119 in the water and P. vannamei intestine. This indicates the close interaction between the bacteria in the shrimp intestine and their aquacultural environment. Twenty, seventeen, and ten dominant genera with a relative abundance in the total sequences of > 1% occurred in the sediment, water, and P. vannamei intestine, respectively. Unclassified genera were the most abundant in all the samples, accounting for 23.08%, 37.13%, and 42.22% of the total sequences from the sediment, water, and P. vannamei, respectively. However, Pseudomonas(5.77%), Ohtaekwangia(4.79%), and Clostridium(3.88%) were the dominant genera in the sediment; Sediminibacterium(6.64%), Spartobacteria genera incertae sedis(3.95%), and GPIIa(3.20%) were the dominant genera in water; and the predominant genera in the Penaeus vannamei Boone intestine were Pseudomonas(14.57%) and Acinetobacter(6.54%). Three, three, and six potentially pathogenic bacterial genera were also observed in the sediment, water, and Penaeus vannamei Boone intestine, respectively, and the most abundant were Pseudomonas(5.77%), Flavobacterium(0.77%), and Pseudomonas(14.57%), respectively. Six, eight, and seven probiotic genera were also found in the sediment, water, and Penaeus vannamei Boone intestine, respectively, and among these genera, five were shared by all three samples. A cluster analysis showed that the 20 most abundant operational taxonomic units in each sample(sediment, water, and Penaeus vannamei Boone intestine) differed significantly. These results provide insight into the interactions between the microbiota in the intestine of P. vannamei Boone and those in its aquacultural environment, and provide new data for the development of probiotics.更多还原