【摘要】 目的了解广西地区临床分离细菌的分布及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药性。方法对2014年广西地区37家主要医院临床分离的细菌采用自动化仪器法或纸片扩散法按统一方案进行细菌药敏实验,按CLSI2014年版判读药敏结果。结果 2014年广西地区收集各临床分离细菌73868株,其中革兰阴性菌53814株,占72.9%,革兰阳性菌20054株,占27.1%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的检出率分别为31.8%和77.9%,未发现万古霉素、利奈唑胺耐药的葡萄球菌。万古霉素耐药粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌分别占1.1%和1.4%,耐青霉素肺炎链球菌为2.0%。肠杆菌科细菌对碳青酶烯类抗生素耐药率大多在<10.0%以下。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南的耐药率为11.3%,鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南和头孢噻肟、左氧氟沙星等耐药率超过40.0%。结论广西地区细菌耐药情况较为严重;应加强抗生素的合理应用和耐药性监测,采取有效的控制措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore antibiotic resistance and its epidemic tendency in 2014 from the members of Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Net in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and to guide rational use of antibiotics. Methods All the objective bacterial isolates from 37 hospitals were collected and identified, and the antimicrobial susceptibility test(AST) were conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method on MuellerHinton agar and automatic microdiffusion according to the breakpoints by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2014. Results A total of 73868 isolates and the AST datawere collected, including 53814(72.9%) Gramnegative bacteria and 20,054(27.1%) Gram-positive isolates. The methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS) were 31.8% and 77.9%, respectively. No Staphylococcus isolates were found to be vancomycin and linezolid resistant. However, there were 1.1% E. fecalis and 1.4% E. faecium vancomycin-resistant isolates. Furthermore, 2.0% penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae were identified. Enterobacteriaceae were still highly susceptible to carbapenem, with the resistance rate below 10.0%.The resistance rates of A. baumannii to most surveillance antibiotics, including imipenem, were above 40.0% and the isolates of P. aeruginosa were still highly susceptible to most antibiotics under surveillance. Conclusion The situation of antibiotic resistance in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is severe. The results should be used in clinical administration, and the effective measures should be taken to controll the spread of resistant isolates.更多还原