【摘要】 大科学时代,科学数据是具有重要价值的战略性资源,加强科学数据共享是提高科技投资效率、提升创新能力的重要手段,然而科学数据共享过程中面临着一些困境。文章首先对科学数据共享相关概念进行清晰界定,从经济学基础和法理基础两个方面,分析科学数据共享的内在逻辑机理。系统比较了美国NSF和NIH在科学数据共享的理念、内容和方式等方面差异,深度剖析了其在科学数据共享方面面临的困境及其解决方案,结合国家自然科学基金在科学数据共享方面的实践进展,提出了完善我国科学数据共享的对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the era of big science,scientific data is a strategic resource of great value.Strengthening scientific data sharing is the important method to improve the efficiency of science and technology investment,promote the innovation ability,however,the scientific data sharing process is facing some difficulties.The article clearly defined the concept of scientific data sharing,and analyzed the internal logic mechanism of scientific data sharing from two aspects of economics and legal basis.Then we compared the concepts,content,methods and other differences of scientific data sharing between NSF and NIH.The dilemma of sharing scientific data and their solutions were deeply analyzed combined with the scientific data sharing practice of NSFC.At last we put forward the countermeasures and suggestions for improving scientific data sharing in China.更多还原