【摘要】 采用分层随机取样法对中国21个典型城市进行地面调查后发现,中国城市建成区植被主要乔木树种(重要值排前3位)约为17种,在空间分布上呈地带性;乔木胸径主要处于小径级(5~25cm),树高基本集中在5~7m和7~9m 2个区间。乔木株高与其胸径分布不具有一致的规律。乔木Gleason丰富度指数在1.30~5.17之间,且南方地区Gleason丰富度指数高于北方地区;Gleason指数与年均降水量、年均气温、PGDP三者线性相关显著。Simpson指数,Shannon-Wiener指数以及Pielous指数与水热条件和经济发展之间相关性不显著。通过多样性指数比较,发现城市绿化中的树木多样性很大程度上受到人类活动调控的影响,在一定程度上,景观美学是城市生态系统中植物群落组成的一个更明显的决定因素。但自然环境对城市绿化的树种选择也有很大的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on a stratified random sample of field data from 21 China cities, it is estimated that the main tree species of urban built-up area in China are about 17 species and the spatial distribution of these species was zonal. Tree diameters at breast height(DBH) were mainly 5~25cm for urban built-up area, and tree height were mainly concentrated in two intervals of 5~7m and 7~9m. Distribution of DBH and height is inconsistent. Gleason richness index of trees in built-up area were between 1.30~5.17 with a higher value in the south than the north. The correlation analysis of community characteristics and nature and socio-economic factors showed that the average DBH and height of trees significantly related with nature-economic factors; compared to natural factors, economic factors is a more significant determinant for stratified vegetation structure; Gleason index was significantly correlated with average annual rainfall, annual temperature and PGDP(P<0.05). While Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielous index showed no significant relationship with hydrothermal conditions and economic development. The study found that the diversity of vegetation in urban green space is largely regulated by human activities, and to a certain extent, landscape aesthetics is a more significant determinant of woody plants in the urban ecosystem. But the natural environment has a great impact on the selection of urban greening tree species.更多还原