【摘要】 选择产后荷斯坦奶牛18头,以产后第21天的黏液性状评分和中性粒细胞计数为基础,将其分为健康组9头,亚临床子宫内膜炎组3头和临床子宫内膜炎组6头。通过对黏液中细菌的分离培养和测序,检测产后奶牛不同时间、不同子宫状态下子宫黏液中细菌的种类和数量,并分析了细菌种类、数量与产后时间及黏液性状的关系。试验表明,在健康组和患病组奶牛子宫内共分离到407株纯菌,经测序后发现其分别属于变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门的25种细菌,其中大肠杆菌、芽胞杆菌、葡萄球菌和希瓦菌的分离率较高,分别为44.14%、19.31%、6.21%和4.83%;蜡样芽胞杆菌、苏云金芽胞杆菌等只出现在健康牛子宫,克雷伯菌、不动杆菌、志贺菌、肾棒状杆菌、绵羊创伤球菌只出现在患子宫内膜炎的奶牛子宫。黏稠且不透明黏液中的分离菌数为98株,显著多于分离菌为37株的半透明、白色脓性黏液及分离菌为10株的透明、偶带白丝的黏液;其中产后第35天菌株分离数量和黏稠黏液数量最多,在黏稠型黏液中共分离出41株纯菌,占细菌分离总数的74.56%,绵羊创伤球菌、志贺菌、表皮葡萄球菌、不动杆菌等只从黏稠型黏液中分离到;产后第49~56天,细菌分离数量及黏稠型黏液数量较产后第35天逐渐减少。结果表明,大肠杆菌是感染产后奶牛子宫的主要微生物,奶牛产后子宫感染细菌数量越多黏液脓性越高,并且奶牛产生子宫内膜炎及脓性黏液可能与不动杆菌、绵羊创伤球菌、志贺菌等病原菌感染有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dynamitic changes of bacteria population in diverse time and different uterus states after calving was investigated,and the relationship between bacterial species and the characteristic of uterus mucus was analyzed.Based on the mucus characteristics and the number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the uterus,18 Holstein cows were divided into three groups at 21 days following calving. The uterus mucus at postpartum 21 d,35 d,49 d and 56 d were collected and bacteria were isolated. DNA of single colonies was extracted and sequenced. The results showed that 407 pure bacteria were isolated,and the sequencing result indicated these bacteria belong to 25 species,including Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria.The separation rates of E. coli,Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. were 44.14%,19.31%,and 6.21%,respectively. which isolated from both health and sicken cows.Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis were only isolated from healthy cows,and Klebsiella pneumonia,Shigella sp,Acinetobacter sp,Corynebacterium renale,and Helcococcus ovis were only isolated from cows with clinical endometritis. Furthermore,there were 98 strains isolated from mucus scored 3 significantly more than the mucus scored 2 or scored 1,which isolated 37 strains and 10 strains respectively. Bacteria isolated from the mucus scored3 as well as the thick mucus at the 35 d more than the 21 d after calving,H. ovis,Shigella sp. Staphylococcus epidermidis,and Acinetobacter sp. were only isolated from mucus scored 3. The isolates dicreased from 49 days to 56 days after parturition. In conclusion,E. coli was diminated in postpartum uterus with defferent health state,and mucus viscosity increased as more bacterial infection of the uterus. In addition,the occurrence of endometritis may highly related to the appearance of Acinetobacter sp. Shigella sp,and H.ovis etc.更多还原