【摘要】 目的分析上海市疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)监测系统具有的优势和劣势,以及面临的机遇和挑战,并探讨加强和完善上海市AEFI监测系统的策略与方法。方法采用优劣势分析(SWOT)法分析上海市AEFI监测系统的优势因素(Strengths,S)、劣势因素(Weaknesses,W)、机会因素(Opportunities,O)和威胁因素(Threats,T),将S、W、O、T相组合,建立SWOT矩阵,形成SO、ST、WO、WT策略。结果上海市AEFI监测系统的内部S为制度完善、监测网络健全、医疗资源充足、人员素质高、经费保障充足;内部W为工作量增加、工作人员数量相对不足、激励机制缺乏、专业技术手段缺乏、监测方法有待改进;外部O为国家层面支持、多部门合作、公众自我保护意识增强;外部T为补偿机制有待完善、媒体报道有失偏颇、公众对专业机构的信任危机。结论上海市AEFI监测系统已经进入良性发展的轨道;仍需利用S和O,克服W与T,进一步完善AEFI监测系统,保障预防接种安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the strengths( S),weaknesses( W),opportunities( O) and threats( T) of the surveillance system of adverse event following immunization( AEFI) in Shanghai,and to discuss strategies for enhancing the AEFI surveillance system. Methods A SWOT analysis was conducted to evaluate the S,W,O and T of Shanghai AEFI surveillance system,and to develop an analytic matrix to form SO、ST、WO and WT strategies. Results In the Shanghai AEFI surveillance system,the Ss included institutional guarantees,a good surveillance network,adequate medical resources,highly qualified personnel,and expenditure guarantees; the Ws included heavy workload,shortage of human resources,lack of incentives,lack of skills,and the need to improve surveillance methods; the Os included support from the national government,cooperation between departments,public awareness of safety;and the Ts included compensation mechanisms,negative reports from media,and public confidence crises in government. Conclusions The AEFI surveillance system that has been established in Shanghai is operating well,but it is necessary to overcome Ws and Ts by utilizing Ss and Os.更多还原