【摘要】 目的研究高危新生儿的高危因素及诱导出现并发症的相关因素,提出有效的防治措施。方法对357例高危新生儿相关资料进行统计,分析高危因素构成比,高危新生儿并发症及其与窒息、胎龄及出生体重的关系。结果高危新生儿中母亲因素占16.32%,新生儿因素占71.87%,胎盘、胎膜、脐带和羊水因素占11.81%。母亲因素中妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病为主要原因,高危新生儿并发症与窒息、早产紧密相关,窒息组与无窒息组并发症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=32.1,P<0.05),窒息是高危新生儿脑损伤并发症的首要因素;早产儿与足月儿并发症的发生率比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.20,P<0.05);而低出生体重儿与正常体重儿并发症的发生率比较差别无统计学意义(χ~2=2.35,P>0.05)。结论做好妊娠指导,早期发现、及时干预高危妊娠,可降低并发症发生率,改善新生儿预后。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To research the high- risk factors of high- risk neonates and related factors of complications,put forward effective prevention and treatment measures. Methods The related data of 357 high- risk neonates was analyzed statistically,the relationships between proportion of high- risk factors,complications of high- risk neonates and asphyxia,fetal age,birth weight were also analyzed. Results Among the high- risk neonates,the proportions of maternal factors,neonatal factors,placenta,fetal membrane,umbilical cord and amniotic fluid factors accounted for 16. 32%,71. 87%,and 11. 81%,respectively. Among maternal factors,hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy( HDCP) and gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM) were main causes. The complications of high- risk neonates were closely correlated with asphyxia and premature birth,there was statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between asphyxia group and non- asphyxia group( χ~2= 32. 1,P < 0. 05),asphyxia is the first factor of cerebral injury of high- risk neonates;there was statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between premaure infants and full- term infants( χ~2=4. 20,P < 0. 05); there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between low birth weight infants and normal weight infants( χ~2= 2. 35,P > 0. 05). Conclusion Pregnancy guidance,early detection,and timely intervention of high- risk pregnancy can reduce the incidence rate of complications and improve neonatal prognosis.更多还原