【摘要】 基于George Yule(1996)所划分的"潜在预设"与"实际预设",结合George Yule(1996)对潜在预设的分类,潜在预设可以分为"存在预设、事实预设、非事实预设、过往经历预设"四类。无论是普通的被字句,还是"被自杀"类特殊被字结构,无论是语义预设,还是语用预设,在预设中,都依靠"偏离义";即便是在预设中不蕴含"偏离义"的,在句子中也会隐含"偏离义"。但从另一个角度,我们也要看到,无论是语义预设,还是语用预设,都无法完全用"预设偏离"做周遍性解释;部分可能通过句子隐含的"偏离义"来弥补。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of the George Yule(1996)’s distinction between the potential presuppositions and actual presuppositions, and also on the basis of his classifications about the potential presuppositions, we make a new classifications on the potential presuppositions. They are existential presupposition, factive presupposition, non-factive presupposition and passed experience presupposition. We find, whether it is the ordinary Bei-construction, or the special Bei-construction about the Bei-suicide construction, whether it is the semantic presupposition, or the pragmatic presupposition, the Bei-construction depends on the deviation in the presupposition. Although some presuppositions didn’t contain the deviation, the sentence implicits the deviation. But, after all, we should know, whether it is the semantic presupposition,or the pragmatic presupposition, we can not explain the whole Bei-construction by the deviation in the presupposition, Some of them may be explained by the implicit deviation.更多还原