【摘要】 目的了解济南市空气污染现况下小学生肺功能状况,分析其影响因素,以便采取有效干预措施,保护儿童健康。方法于2013年在济南市每区随机选取1所小学,在3~5年级中每个年级选取1个班,对选中班级的全部小学生进行问卷调查和肺功能调查。结果济南市小学生肺功能总体发育状况良好。女生用力肺活量(FVC)为(88.20±14.56)L,高于男生的(86.59±12.86)L(P<0.05);女生第一秒用力肺活量(FEV1)为(83.24±19.19)ml,高于男生的(81.39±15.27)ml(P<0.01)。≥10岁组学生的肺功能指标(FEV1、FEV1/FVC)明显优于≤8岁组(P<0.05),峰流速(PEF)指标却低于9岁组(P<0.05);5年级学生肺功能优于3年级(P<0.05),却低于4年级(P<0.01)。结论济南市男生、高年级、高年龄段小学生肺功能状况低于女生、低年级、低年龄段小学生;改进学生居住、学习及交通环境、加强体育锻炼可能是改善学生肺功能发育状况的有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the pulmonary function status of primary school pupils under the condition of air pollution in Jinan city and analyze the influencing factors,so as to take effective intervention measures to protect children’s health. Methods In 2013,one primary school was randomly selected in each district of Jinan city.In the grade of 3-5,one class were selected.All the pupils in the class were investigated by questionnaire and lung function. Results The lung function of primary school students in Jinan city is in good condition.The FVC(88.20±14.56L)of females was higher than that of the males(86.59 ± 12.86L)(P <0.05);FEV1of girls(83.24 ±19.19ml),higher than that of boys(81.39±15.27ml)(P <0.01).The lung function of more than 10year-old group(FEV1,FEV1/FVC)was better than that of less than 8years old group(P <0.05),but their PEF index was lower than 9 years old group(P <0.05).The lung function of grade 5students is better than that of grade 3(P <0.05),but it is lower than that of grade4(P <0.01). Conclusion The pulmonary function condition of male,high grade,high age group is lower than that of female,low grade,low age group in Jinan city.Improving pupils living,learning and traffic environment,and strengthening physical exercise may be effective measures to improve students’ pulmonary function.更多还原