【摘要】 目的:了解肺结核患者的临床特点。方法:对2013年4月-2014年3月笔者所在所住院的389例初治肺结核患者进行问卷调查和临床资料收集。结果:肺结核患者以男性、中青年人及低学历的人群为多。痰结核分枝杆菌阳性率为62.7%(244/389)。389例患者中有症状的比例占55.8%(217/389),痰菌阳性患者中有症状的比例占77.0%(188/244)。临床症状以咳嗽、咳痰比例最多,占82.5%(179/217),咯血、发热分别占31.8%(69/217)和25.8%(56/217)。患者首诊单位以综合医院比例最高,占47.9%(104/217),结防专科机构占23.0%(50/217)。患者对自身疾病不重视占61.8%(134/217)、缺乏医学知识占50.7%(110/217)是延误结核病诊断的主要原因。结论:熟悉结核病临床特点,加强肺结核筛查和相关知识宣传,提高全民对结核病的认识,对于促进结核病控制有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) patients.Method:A total of 389 hospitalized patients with PTB newly diagnosed during the period from April 2013 to March 2014 were enrolled,all the cases were conducted a questionnaire survey and clinical data collection.Result:The prevalence of PTB was higher in the group of male,young and middle-aged people and low education.The positive rate of mycobacterium tuberculosis was 62.7%(244/389).Among the 389 patients,55.8%(217/389) cases had symptoms,while the proportion was 77.0%(188/244) in the MTB positive ones.The clinical symptoms of cough,expectoration ratio up to 82.5%(179/217).Hemoptysis symptom and fever were 31.8%(69/217) and 25.8%(56/217).The first visiting hospital for 47.9%(104/217) patients were medical institution,while 23.0%(50/217) were TB Control Institute.The major causes for health seeking delay of PTB were less attention to their own disease and lack of medical knowledge,accouting for 61.8%(134/217) and 50.7%(110/217).Conclusion:Familiar with the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis,strengthening the screening of tuberculosis and related knowledge,improve the awareness of the whole people to tuberculosis,for the promotion of tuberculosis control is of great significance.更多还原