【摘要】 重大规模应急管理需要考虑应急反应设施之间的相互连接和支持。基于Campbell对枢纽覆盖的第2类定义,提出了灾害应急反应的枢纽集覆盖模型和枢纽最大覆盖模型。针对枢纽集覆盖模型的过多约束,提出了枢纽集覆盖模型的代理松弛问题,并设计改进的遗传算法对其进行求解。对不同的模型参数与模型规模试验组合的计算结果表明,针对代理松弛问题的改进遗传算法具有计算时间上优势,虽不保证最优解,但多数情况下能得到最优解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Large-scale emergency management needs to consider the interactive links and assistance of emergency response facilities. Based on Campbell’s second type of hub coverage definition,this paper proposes the hub set-covering model and hub maximal coverage model for disaster emergency response,which will guarantee both the travel distance from hubs( emergency response facility) to demand-`nodes and the discount travel distance between the hubs do not exceed a given coverage radius R. Due to the many constrains of hub set-covering model,this paper also proposes the surrogate relaxation problem of hub set-covering model. Compared to the original problem,the surrogate relaxation problem reduces the constraint amounts of( n + 2)( n- 1) /2. We also design the improved genetic algorithm to solve the surrogate relaxation problem. The computational results in different experiment combinations of model parameters and model scale show that the improved genetic algorithm has obvious strengths on the computational time,and the improved genetic algorithm does not guarantee optimal solution,but can get the optimal solution in most cases.更多还原