【摘要】 目的分析2010-2014年张家港市急性乙肝的构成变化及流行病学特征,为乙肝的防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对5年的急性乙肝个案资料进行统计分析。结果 5年中急性乙肝发病率总体呈上升趋势,年均发病率2.22/10万;急性乙肝发病构成比呈上升趋势;预测2015年报告发病率为2.86/10万;乙肝抗HBc-Ig M1∶1 000检测可提高急性乙肝的诊断准确率;发病无明显季节性,各镇均有发病,男女性别比为3.04∶1,男性高于女性;发病以农民(占50%)、工人(占20.69%)为主,发病年龄以20~60岁为主,其中20~39岁的人群发病率最高。结论急性乙肝发病低于全国平均水平(4.70/10万),但有上升趋势,急性乙肝的防控工作要引起关注。乙肝抗HBc Ig M 1∶1 000监测可以规范乙肝的疫情报告,提高乙肝报告准确率,准确分析疫情,制订防控措施。做好宣传、提高成人乙肝苗接种率和加强高危人群的免疫接种是进一步降低急性乙肝发病率的主要措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the changes of proportion and epidemiological characteristics of acute hepatitis B in Zhangjiagang County from 2010 to 2014, and to provide science basis for the acute hepatitis B prevent and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of acute hepatitis B in 5 years. Results The overall rate of acute hepatitis B incidence in 5 years showed an upward trend, and the average incidence rate was 2.22/100000. The proportion of acute hepatitis B showed an upward trend, and the the prediction rate in 2015 was 2.86/100000. HBc-Ig M 1:1000 antibody detection could improve the accuracy of diagnosis of acute hepatitis B. The disease occurred without obvious seasonality. All towns had the disease, and the gender ratio of male to female was 3.04:1. The incidence of occupation were mainly reported among farmers(50%) and workers(20.69%). The incidence of the patients was mainly 20-60 years, and the age of 20 to 39 years was the highest. Conclusion The incidence of acute hepatitis B is lower than the national average incidence(4.70/10000), but there is a rising trend. The prevention and control of acute hepatitis B should cause attention. The surveillance of HBc Ig M1:1000 can regulate and improve the accuracy of the report, so as to formulate prevention and control measures. The main measures to reduce the incidence of acute hepatitis B are to publicize and improve the vaccination rate of adult hepatitis B vaccine and to strengthen the vaccination of the the dangerous crowd.更多还原