【摘要】 背景:髋骨形状不规则,解剖结构复杂,难以测量其应力分布及传导过程。目的:基于CT数据,建立髋骨、股骨上段三维有限元模型,分析正立位下加载不同负荷时髋臼区的应力分布与传递特点,探索髋骨骨折的力学机制。方法:选择1名成年健康男性进行髋部CT扫描,获得影像数据,将数据导入Mimics 14.0,建立髋骨、股骨上段的三维模型;再经过划分网格、赋材质、转化为有限元模型,利用有限元分析软件Ansys 13.0计算负荷300,600,900,1 200 N时,髋臼前壁、髋臼顶部、髋臼后壁的应力分布,髋臼各区应力值及髋臼单元的位移变化。结果与结论:(1)成功建立了髋骨和股骨的三维模型,包括284 183个结点、160 665个单元;(2)髋臼区应力分布特点:正立位各负荷下,应力最大值位于髋臼顶部后上方区域,后壁次之,前壁最小;应力经4条途径传递:经髋臼顶部向临近髂骨、沿骨盆界线向骶髂关节、向髋臼窝内传导、沿耻骨支方向传导;随加载负荷的增大,应力值增大,传导距离变远,髋臼单元应变量增大;(3)结果提示,基于CT数据应用Mimics 14.0软件建立的髋臼区三维模型仿真性高,可行有限元试验分析其不同负荷下的应力分布,为髋关节人工假体的设计提供指导数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 BACKGROUND: The hip is a complicated structure and irregular in shape. It is hard to measure stress distribution and transmission. OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the hip joint and upper femur, and analyze the stress distribution and transmission characteristics of the acetabulum region under different loads, and explore mechanics mechanism of hip fracture based on CT data. METHODS: The three-dimensional finite element hip and femur model were reconstructed in Mimics 14.0 based on the CT data of a healthy adult man. After dividing mesh, assigning material and transforming into finite element model, the stress distributions of anterior wall, the top, and the posterior wall of the acetabulum, the stress of acetabulum areas and displacement of acetabular unit were calculated with finite element software Ansys 13.0 software under 300, 600, 900 and 1 200 N. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) A three-dimensional finite element model of the hip and the femur was successfully established, consisting of 284 183 nodes and 160 665 units.(2) The characteristics of the stress distribution of acetabulum region: the maximal stress was concentrated on the posterosuperior part of acetabular crest, followed by the posterior wall and the anterior wall in order in upright position under different loads. The stress transmitted by four ways: from acetabular crest to ilium, along linea terminalis of pelvis to sacroiliac joint, in the acetabular sockets, and along the pubic ramus. The stress and the propagation distance were increasing as the loads increased. Acetabular element stress variable was increased.(3) Above results indicated that three-dimensional finite element model of the human hip joint established by Mimics 14.0 based on CT data matches the anatomical structure in a great degree, could be used in the biomechanics analysis under different loads, and has a guiding significance for design of artificial hip prosthesis.更多还原