【摘要】 目的对双氧水消毒液进行毒理学安全性评价,为其使用安全性提供科学依据。方法采用急性经口毒性试验、亚急性经口毒性试验(染毒剂量1 000.0、250.0、62.5 mg/kg·bw)、一次破损皮肤刺激试验、急性眼刺激试验、阴道黏膜刺激试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验观察双氧水消毒液的系统毒性、局部刺激性及致突变性。结果双氧水消毒液对大、小鼠急性经口LD50均大于10 000 mg/kg·bw;对家兔一次破损皮肤刺激试验皮肤刺激反应最高积分均值为0分;急性眼刺激试验染毒后24、48、72 h,角膜、虹膜、结膜水肿的平均积分均为0分,结膜充血平均积分分别为0.3、0、0分;阴道粘膜刺激试验刺激指数为0.45分。小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率各剂量组与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);亚急性经口毒性试验中,虽然雄鼠62.5、250.0 mg/kg·bw剂量组红细胞总数显著低于对照组(分别P<0.01、P<0.05),雌鼠1 000 mg/kg·bw剂量组红细胞总数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但均在本实验室历史参考值范围,且缺乏明显的量效关系。病理组织学检查发现肝脏、肺脏、胃肠病变均随机地分配于各组。受试物对大鼠体重增长、血生化指标、其他血液学指标、脏器系数无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论该双氧水消毒液属实际无毒,一次染毒对家兔破损皮肤无刺激性,无眼刺激性和阴道粘膜刺激性;对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用;亚急性经口染毒对雌雄SD大鼠最大未观察到有害作用的剂量为1 000 mg/kg·bw。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To make a toxicological safety assessment on a compound hydrogen dioxide disinfectant so as to provide a scientific basis for the safety of its practical use. Methods Acute oral toxicity test,subacute oral toxicity test,damaged skin irritation test by one contact,acute eye irritation test,vaginal mucosa irritation test and mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte( PCE) micronucleus test were performed to explore the systemic toxicity,local irritation capacity and mutagenicity of the compound hydrogen dioxide disinfectant. Results The acute oral LD50 was greater than 10,000 mg / kg · bw both for rats and mice. The highest average score for damaged skin irritation by one contact in rabbits was 0. In the eye irritation test,at 24 h,48h and 72 h post- exposure,the average score for corneal,iris and conjunctiva edema was all 0,for conjunctiva hyperemia was 0. 3,0 and 0 respectively. The irritation index for vaginal mucosa irritation test was 0. 45. The PCE micronucleus rates of three dosed groups were not significantly different from that of the negative control group( P > 0. 05). Subacute oral toxicity test found that the total red blood cell( RBC) of the male rats in the 62. 5 and 250. 0 mg / kg·bw dosed groups and the RBC,hemoglobin and hematocrit of the female rats in the 1,000 mg / kg·bw dosed group,were significantly lower than those of the corresponding controls( P< 0. 01,P < 0. 05). But further analysis indicated that they were still within the historical reference ranges of the laboratory. Moreover,no obvious dose- response relationship was present. Histopathological examination revealed that lesions in the liver,lung and gastrointestinal tract occurred randomly to rats in all groups. The test substance did not produce significant effects on the weight gain,biochemical indices,other hematological indices and organ coefficients( P > 0. 05).Conclusions The compound hydrogen dioxide disinfectant tested is practically non- toxic. It is not irritating to the damaged skin,eye and vaginal mucosa of rabbits by one contact. It does not induce micronucleus formation in PCE. Its no obvious adverse effect level in SD rats after subacute oral intake is 1,000 mg / kg·bw.更多还原