【摘要】 提出了一种探索型实验的设计方案。实验方案中,运用逆向工程的方法对光学指纹仪进行拆解与重构,使学生对指纹仪的光学采集系统进行测绘与建模。实验项目的设计内容包括测绘、建模、问题探讨,测绘与重建分为4个实验训练逐步进行,即系统布局测绘、光学部件测绘、光学部件建模与分析、系统建模与仿真,而作为重点的问题探讨包含文献阅读、提出问题、方案改进等内容,占总学时的1/2以上;最终的实验考核则从设计、选择、阅读、质疑、合作、答辩6方面综合考虑。设计和实践表明,"发现问题"应该成为探索型实验最主要的目标,而逆向拆解与重构则是实现这一目标的良好手段;另一方面,不设标准答案的开放式结局及相互提问与评价有助于学生对过程的重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to discuss the new method of the experimental teaching reform,and inspire students’ motives and enthusiasm for exploring problems,a design project of exploratory experiment is proposed. Through the method of reverse disassembling and reconstructing the optical fingerprint readers,students learn mapping and modeling the optical system of the fingerprint readers in this project. By the discussion of problems step by step throughout the course,students are guided to discover and probe questions. The design of the experiment includes 3 parts: mapping,modeling,and discussion. The mapping and modeling are divided into 4 continuous lab exercises,i. e. mapping of system layout,mapping of optical components,modeling and analysis of optical components,and modeling and simulation of system.And the discussion is allocated to more than half of the total class hour,including reading,questioning,and evolving the solutions and so on. Finally,in the evaluation,6 aspects of design,selection,resource,question,cooperation and reply are overall considered. From the design and practice,it shows that discovering questions should be the main objective of the exploratory experiments, and this can be well realized by the way of reverse disassembly and reconstruction. On the other side,the open result without standard answers,and the question and evaluation for each other,help students pay more attention to the middle process.更多还原