【摘要】 介绍了近几年我国近海海域的石油烃类污染情况以及对生态环境的影响,简述了目前用于处理石油污染的一些理化方法和生物方法,其中生物降解是目前最为彻底,最为经济,且不会对环境造成二次污染的有效措施;并分析了石油降解菌在降解石油烃时的策略,其主要的限制因素、降解步骤以及降解过程中参与反应的主要作用的酶。分析得出,单一性的降解菌对石油烃的降解效率低于多种微生物协作的效率,但海洋微生物群落复杂,分离困难,可以直接从基因层面出发,分析控制降解的限制性基因,并为处理海洋石油污染问题指出新方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,China’s offshore petroleum hydrocarbon pollution situation and its influence to the ecological environment.Some physical and chemical methods and biological methods for treating oil pollution are briefly introduced.The biological degradation is the most complete and economical and effective measures to deal with the environmental pollution.And analyzes the oil degradation bacteria in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons,the main limiting factors,the steps involved in the reaction in the process of the degradation and enzyme degradation.Analysis,singularity of degrading bacteria for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation efficiency under various microbial collaborative efficiency,but complicated Marine microbial community structure,separation is difficult,can be directly from gene level,analysis and control the degradation of restrictive genes,and points out a new direction to deal with Marine oil pollution problems.更多还原