【摘要】 丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌是生态系统中重要的土壤微生物之一。AM真菌菌丝体网络是由AM真菌菌丝体在土壤生态系统中连接两株或两株以上植物根系所形成的菌丝体网络。随着菌根学研究的深入,如何直观的揭示AM真菌的生态学功能已经成为相关领域关注的热点问题。研究发现,利用同位素示踪技术可以开展AM真菌与宿主植物对土壤矿质营养的吸收、转运等方面的研究,以及菌丝体网络对不同宿主植物之间营养物质的分配研究和AM真菌在生态系统生态学中的功能研究。基于此,为了阐明同位素示踪技术在AM真菌研究中的价值,围绕菌根学最新研究进展,系统回顾了利用同位素示踪技术探究AM共生体对不同元素吸收和转运的机制、同位素示踪技术在AM真菌菌丝体网络研究中的价值和利用同位素示踪技术研究AM真菌在生态系统中的功能,为AM真菌生态学功能的研究提供理论基础,并对本领域未来的研究方向和应用前景进行展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Arbuscular mycorrhizal( AM) fungi are one of the most important soil microorganisms in terrestrial ecosystems.The arbuscular mycorrhizal network is formed by extraradical mycelium of AM fungi that connect two or more plant roots within the soil system. How to discover the roles of AM fungi in soil ecosystems has been a major focus of ecological research. It has been found that isotope tracer technique could be used for research on AM fungi and its role in nutrient absorption and transportation from soil to host plants. The isotope tracer technique could also be used to identify the mycorrhizal network distribution between different host plants,and to study the role of AM fungi in the ecosystem. To illustrate the value of the isotope tracer technique in AM fungi research,our study combined the latest research findings in the field of mycorrhizal ecology with the present findings and focused on: 1) the application of the isotope tracer technique in exploring the mechanisms of absorption and transportation of different elements in AM symbionts; 2) the value of the isotope tracer technique in arbuscular mycorrhizal network studies; 3) the use of the isotope tracer technique to study the roles of AM fungi in the ecosystem. Thus,the aim of this review was to provide a theoretical basis for,and to predict future prospects of the use of the isotope tracer technique in AM fungi research.更多还原