Intense,largely uncontrolled human activities( e. g.,population growth,agricultural production,industrial development,energy consumption) have negatively affected urban and regional ecosystems. Nitrogen is an essential element for all ecosystems,and nitrogen export has been a major indicator of global change. However,quantitative assessment of the anthropogenic disturbance of the nitrogen cycle is still a challenge. A framework is proposed herein with respect toanthropogenic-derived nitrogen emissions in or...