【摘要】 为研究纳米氧化锌对引起采后甜瓜粉霉病、白霉病和黑斑病的主要致病菌粉红单端孢(Trichothecium roseum)、镰刀菌(Fusarium spp.)、交链孢(Alternaria)的抑制效果,本文通过不同浓度的固相和液相纳米氧化锌对粉红单端孢(T.roseum)、硫色镰刀菌(Fusarium sulphureum)、互隔交链孢(Alternaria alternate)三种菌分别进行体外、体内抑菌活性实验研究。体外实验结果表明:固相和液相纳米氧化锌对这三种病原菌菌丝生长、孢子萌发均具有明显的抑制作用,且随着溶液浓度的增大,抑制效果增强;固相纳米氧化锌较液相具有更佳的抑菌效果,且对T.roseum的抑制作用最强,其次是F.sulphureum、A.alternate。体内实验结果表明,固相和液相纳米氧化锌处理均可显著抑制由T.roseum、F.sulphureum、A.alternate损伤接种甜瓜果实病斑直径的扩展。故两种性状纳米氧化锌均可通过抑制甜瓜采后主要致病菌的生长来减轻甜瓜采后病害,且固相纳米氧化锌较液相纳米氧化锌效果更为明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the inhibitory effects of the zinc oxide nanoparticles on T. roseum,Fusarium spp.,Alternaria,which caused pink rot,Fusarium rot,black spot of postharvest muskmelon,respectively. The solid phase and liquid phase zinc oxide nanoparticles at different concentration and T. roseum,F. Sulphureum,A. alternate were used in vitro and vivo study. In vitro,the results showed that the significant inhibitory effect on mycelial growth and spore germination was found at different states of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The inhibition effect was greatly enhanced with the increase of the zinc oxide nanoparticles’ s concentration. The inhibitory effect of the solid phase zinc oxide nanoparticles was more effective than the liquid phase one,which showed the most effect for T. roseum,then F. sulphureum,A. alternate. In vivo,it indicated that the solid phase and liquid phase zinc oxide nanoparticles had the significant inhibitory effect on the diameter of melon disease spot,which was caused by T. roseum,F. sulphureum,A. alternate,respectively. So zinc oxide nanoparticles could directly inhibit the major of pathogens to decrease disease of postharvest muskmelon,besides the inhibitory effect of solid phase zinc oxide nanoparticles was better than the liquid.更多还原