Based on the data from 2006 to 2015 of surface water environmental quality monitoring network in China,the surface water quality variation trend in recent 10 years of the Yellow River basin was analyzed. The overall water quality of the Yellow River basin shows a trend of improvement. The annual mean value of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen concentration in water pollution control index are significantly decreased. The Yellow River water quality has been good. The main tributaries vary from seve...