【摘要】 以不同种类的磷酸盐(Na₃PO₄、Na₅P₃O₁₀和（Na PO₃）₆)和不同价态的阳离子氯化物（Na Cl、Mg Cl₂、Al Cl₃）为添加剂,借助SEM等其他测试手段分析石膏硬化体的显微结构,研究半水石膏浆成型和石膏硬化体性能的变化。结果表明,氯化物无机盐中阳离子价态的升高对半水石膏浆的凝结时间无明显影响,但会引起石膏硬化体的吸水率显著提高,硬化体强度略有下降;加入磷酸盐后石膏浆的缓凝时间显著增长,石膏硬化体的吸水率下降,强度提高,其中以（Na PO₃）₆影响最为显著。当磷酸盐添加量达到0.12%时,硬化体性能趋于稳定,添加了（Na PO3）6和Na5P3O10的石膏硬化体结构中存在着较多柱状晶体。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three phosphates which are Na₃PO₄,Na₅P₃O₁₀,（ Na PO3）6and three different valence state cation chlorides which are Na Cl,Mg Cl2,Al Cl3 were taken as additives into the hemihydrate gypsum slurry. Then,the slurry molding process and the properties and micro-stucture of gypsum sclerotium were investigated by means of the SEM and other testing methods. The results indicate that the setting time of hemihydrate gypsum slurry will not be changed a lot with the cation valence of the chloride inorganic salt raises. The water absorption of sclerotium will be increased obviously and the flexural strength decreases slightly. The setting time will be extended greatly and the water abosrptin of sclerotium decreases and induce the strength improved with the phosphates added. The（ Na PO3）6（ SHMP） plays more obvious influences than other phosphates and properies of gypsum sclerotium will be changed slightly when the volume of addtion of phosphates reaches 0. 12%. There are some columnar crystals in the gypsum sclerotium which are added with（ Na PO₃）₆and Na₅P₃O₁₀ saparately and more needle-like and sheet crystals are found which shows interlaced bunchiness distribution in the sample with Na₃PO₄.更多还原