【摘要】 以国内当前甘蔗主栽品种ROC22为材料,通过田间实验分析了甘蔗主要器官钾素含量、累积、分配和吸收的动态变化特征。结果表明:在相同生育期,上部茎和青叶鞘始终是钾素含量较高的器官,青叶和中、下部茎次之,根系、枯叶和枯叶鞘则始终相对较低。钾素主要累积于青叶(鞘)和蔗茎中。拔节前青叶(鞘)中的钾素占植株总累积量的95%以上,拔节后其钾素分配比例持续下降,而蔗茎中则持续上升,在工艺成熟期分配至蔗茎的钾素占整个植株的83.3%。甘蔗钾素阶段吸收量和吸收速率则呈现了先上升后下降的趋势,分蘖期至茎伸长4期为甘蔗主要钾素吸收积累阶段,占生育期总吸收的86.8%,其中分蘖期至拔节期的钾素阶段吸收量(4 791.3 mg/plant)和吸收速率(159.7 mg/plant·d)最高,为甘蔗钾素吸收的最大效率期。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this study is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of potassium( K) content,accumulation, distribution and absorption in sugarcane variety ROC22 during the whole growth period under K fertilization. The results showed that K content was always higher in the green leaf sheaths and upper canes,followed in the green leaves, middle and lower canes, and in bone-dry leaves, bone-dry leaf sheaths and roots which was lower in the same growth stages. K nutrient mainly accumulated in green leaves(sheaths) and canes.Before jointing stage, more than 95% of K was distributed into the green leaves(sheaths). K distribution ratio of green leaves(sheaths) continually decreased, and that of canes kept elevating. In technical maturity stage, most of K was gathered in canes, reached 83.3% of the whole plant. K absorption in the whole plant exhibited an obvious trend of first increase and then fall, and K absorption amount from tiller stage to cane elongation 4 stage accounted for 86.8% of total absorption amount during the entire growing period. The most efficient period for K utilization was tiller to jointing stage in sugarcane, K absorption amount and ratio during this period reached the peak value, 4 791.3 mg/plant and 159.7 mg/plant·d respectively.更多还原