【摘要】 以7种主栽油用山茶为材料,研究了不同山茶果实经济性状、茶油脂肪酸组成及角鲨烯、β-谷甾醇和维生素E等生物活性物质含量间的差异。结果表明:7种主栽油用山茶的果实经济性状、脂肪酸组成、角鲨烯、β-谷甾醇和维生素E含量均存在较大差异,其中小果油茶的鲜出籽率(60.07%)、干出籽率(37.47%)、鲜果含油率(10.76%)最高;浙江红山茶的出仁率(64.99%)、种仁含油率(60.23%)和干籽含油率(38.47%)最大,油酸(82.69%)和单不饱和脂肪酸(83.18%)含量最高、多不饱和脂肪酸(5.96%)含量最低,是高油酸品种选育的理想材料;7种山茶籽油中的角鲨烯、β-谷甾醇和维生素E等3类生物活性物质含量高低依次为β-谷甾醇>角鲨烯>维生素E,其中博白大果油茶的角鲨烯、β-谷甾醇和维生素E含量最为丰富,这可为3类活性物质利用提供潜在植物源树种。相关分析表明,β-谷甾醇含量与出仁率、干籽含油率呈显著负相关,角鲨烯、维生素E与果实经济性状相关不显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fruit economic characters, fatty acid composition, squalene, β-sitosterol and vitamin E of seven different kinds of oil-used Camellia cultivars were studied. Results showed that the fruit economic characters, fatty acid composition, squalene, β-sitosterol and vitamin E varied significantly among seven kinds of oil-used Camellia. The fresh seed ratio of fruit(60.07%), dry seed ratio of fruit(37.47%) and oil content in fresh fruit(10.76%) of C. meiocarpa were the highest. And the kernel rate of seed(64.99%), oil content in kernel(60.23%), oil content in dry seed(38.47%), oleic acid(82.69%) and monounsaturated fatty acid(83.18%) of C. chekiangoleosa were also the highest, but it’s polyunsaturated fatty acids(5.96%) was the lowest, therefore C. chekiangoleosa was the ideal material of high-oleic acid variety selection. The content of 3 bioactive substances decreased from β-sitosterol, squalene to vitamin E, and the content of squalene, β-sitosterol and vitamin E of C. gigantocarpa were the most abundant, which could provide a potential tree species for the use of squalene, β-sitosterol and vitamin E. Correlation analysis showed that β-sitosterol had a negative correlation with kernel rate of seed and oil content in dry seed, but squalene and vitamin E from seven kinds of oil-used Camellia were not significantly correlated with fruit economic traits.更多还原