【摘要】 人口增长是工业文明的伟大成就。"人口爆炸"不是真问题。中国是世界上人口最多的国家。这是中国力量的重要表现。但是,几十年后中国不再是人口最多的国家。这是中国新人口问题,是由于人口结构变化的结果。"4-2-1"家庭,这种家庭过去也有,但并不普遍,现在成为普遍的。实行"一对夫妇只生一个孩子"的政策,它导致中国新人口问题,例如老龄化问题、少子化问题、失独家庭问题、未富先老劳动人口减少的问题、男女性别比例失衡。十八届五中全会调整为,"一对夫妇生两个孩子",以应对人口问题的挑战。人口是生产力,是创造价值的重要力量,这是人口问题研究的理论基础。遵循人口生产的规律,对人口生产进行生态设计,实现人口长期均衡发展,这是中国人口学的重要使命。更多还原

【Abstract】 Population growth is one of the great achievements of industrial civilization. For China, a country with the largest population, the"population explosion"is rather an important representation of national power than a problem in a real sense. However, China will not be the world’s most populous nation in decades, which is the new demographic problem resulting from the changes in population structure. The uncommon family structure"4-2-1"with four members of grandparents, two members of a working couple and one child has now become common. The policy of"one couple, one child"leads to the new demographic problem of China, such as population aging, low birth rate, families bereft of their only child, decrease of working age population and unbalance of gender ratio. To cope with it, the fifth plenum session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has adjusted the policy to encourage a couple to have two children. Population is productivity and the important force of creating values, which is the theoretical basis of demographic problem research. Following the rule of population reproduction to achieve the long term and balancing development of China’s population is the important mission of demography in China.更多还原