【摘要】 为评价江苏省稻米重金属镉污染现状,于2013年在全省13市调研抽检了1101份稻谷,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定稻米中的镉含量。检测结果显示,全省稻米镉的检出率为97.6%,平均含量为0.036 4 mg·kg^-1,检出范围是0.000 3⁰.431 0 mg·kg^-1,仅有0.27%的样本超出0.2 mg·kg^-1的限量。整合我国居民20个性别年龄组人群的稻米消费和体重信息,采用非参数概率模型对稻米镉的膳食暴露量进行评估,并与JECFA推荐的镉的暂定每月耐受摄入量（PTMI）25μg·kg^-1体重相比,评估结果表明,我国居民食用江苏地区稻米产生的平均镉暴露风险尚可接受,但在P95的风险水平下,14岁以下人群的摄入量相对较高,占PTMI的86.3%¹30.7%,其中11岁以下人群中有6.8%⁹.0%的个体摄入量超过PTMI,潜在风险较大。建议对稻米中的重金属镉进行持续监测。更多还原

【Abstract】 A survey of cadmium levels in milled rice in Jiangsu Province was carried out in 2013.A total of 1101 milled rice samples were collected from 13 cities.Cadmium was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy.Results showed that 97.6% of the samples contained detectable concentrations of cadmium,which ranged from 0.000 3 to 0.431 0 mg·kg^-1,with the mean value of 0.036 4mg·kg^-1,but only 0.27% of the samples had cadmium concentrations exceeding the maximum level（ML）,0.2 mg·kg^-1.Based on recent rice consumption and body weight,an estimated monthly human intake of cadmium was calculated for 20 age-sex categories of Chinese popula-tion using a non-parameter probabilistic model.The provisional tolerable monthly intake（PTMI）of cadmium,as recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives（JECFA）was 25 μg·kg^-1bw.The estimated exposure values for populations of interest were compared to the PTMI.This study confirmed a low average health risk of cadmium via the milled rice in Jiangsu Province.For the population below 14 years old,however,exposure to cadmium represented 86.3%¹30.7% of the PTMI at P95 risk level.For population below11 years old,6.8%⁹.0% individuals had cadmium exposure exceeding the PTMI.The present study suggests that it is necessary to establish a program to monitor cadmium dynamics in milled rice continuously.更多还原