【摘要】 基于煤层开挖力学效应和覆岩运动规律,揭示了覆岩破坏垮落过程中产生的压力拱和结构拱现象,研究了结构拱与压力拱的内在统一关系,提出了煤矿采场压力拱的3种形式。在此基础上,根据理论分析、相似模拟和数值模拟研究成果,认为近水平煤层采场存在围岩承载结构、矿压运动结构和工作面防护结构3种形式,分别简称为"大结构"、"小结构"和"微结构",并研究了3种结构的具体形式和矿压显现的关系,得到了煤柱与采场大结构的关系。并针对神东矿区浅埋近距离煤层下层煤开采出煤柱时发生的压架事故案例,从压架前、后采场的3种基本形式的变化分析事故发生的原因,并提出了防治对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the mechanical effect and the movement rule of overlying strata of coal seam during coal extraction,this paper investigates the phenomenon of pressure arch and structural arch,and the relationship between structure arch and pressure arch,and proposes three forms of pressure arch in coal mine. According to theoretical analysis,similar simulation and numerical simulation,the working face in near horizontal coal seam is divided into the rock support structure,the rock pressure movement structure and the protective structure of working face,which are respectively referred to as "large structure","small structure"and "micro structure". The relationship between the concrete form of the three kinds of basic structure and the behavior of mine pressure are studied in this paper,and thus the relationship between coal pillar and large structure is obtained. Finally,in terms of the shield crushing accidents during the coal pillar in the lower coal seam of shallow buried close distance coal seams is mined out,the causes of the accident are studied from the changes of three basic structural forms of the working face before and after the shield crushing accidents,and thus its control measures are proposed.更多还原