【摘要】 目的:探讨亲子依恋及家庭特征与学龄期儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)关系。方法:分别对ADHD患儿(ADHD组,103例)及一般情况相匹配的正常儿童(对照组,103名)进行儿童依恋安全性量表(KSS)、一般家庭情况问卷及自制的严厉管教方式问卷调查;分析家庭特征、亲子依恋与ADHD的关系。结果:ADHD组母子及父子KSS分[(2.7±0.3),(2.7±0.5)]明显低于对照组[(3.0±0.3),(2.9±0.4)](P均<0.01);两组母子KSS分与ADHD筛查量表中注意缺陷分(r=-0.21,P<0.05;r=-0.30,P<0.01)及多动/冲动分(r=-0.20,r=-0.21;P均<0.05)负相关;Logistic回归分析显示,母子KSS分(OR=0.38,P=0.000)是ADHD保护性因素;父母对孩子学习重视程度低(OR=1.72,P=0.016)、父母管教态度不一致(OR=1.65,P=0.030)、母亲体罚孩子(OR=1.59,P=0.009)、家庭居住面积小(OR=1.49,P=0.019)、家长陪同完成作业(OR=1.44,P=0.035)是ADHD的危险因素。结论:母子依恋安全性下降、母亲体罚孩子等家庭特征与学龄期儿童ADHD密切相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the relationship between parent-child attachment,family characteristics and school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder( ADHD). Method: The survey was made in 103 ADHD children( ADHD group) and 103 matched normal children( control group) by kerns security scale( KSS),general questionnaire and self-designed questionnaire of parental harsh discipline. The relationship between parent-child attachment,family characteristics and ADHD were analyzed. Results: The KSS scores of mother-child and father-child in ADHD group [( 2. 7 ± 0. 3),( 2. 7 ± 0. 5) ] were significantly lower than those in control group [( 3. 0 ± 0. 3),( 2. 9 ± 0. 4) ]( all P < 0. 01). The KSS scores of mother-child in the two groups were negatively correlated with the scores of attention deficit of ADHD screening scale( r =- 0. 21,P < 0. 05;r =- 0. 30,P < 0. 01) and hyperactivity( r =- 0. 20,r =- 0. 21,all P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the KSS score of mother-child( OR = 0. 38,P = 0. 000) was a protective factor influencing ADHD. Parents being less emphasis on learning( OR = 1. 72,P = 0. 016),parental discipline being not consistent( OR = 1. 65,P = 0. 030),mother spanking children( OR = 1. 59,P = 0. 009),small of family living space( OR = 1. 49,P = 0. 019),children doing homework with their parents( OR = 1. 44,P = 0. 035) were risk factors influencing ADHD. Conclusion: Mother-child attachment,mother spanking children etc. may be closely related to ADHD.更多还原