【摘要】 激光诱导击穿光谱作为分析科学领域里的一种新的光谱检测技术近年来得到了快速发展,新的研究成果不断涌现,应用范围逐渐扩大,在分析物质成分元素方面越来越显现出巨大的应用潜力和勃勃生机.本文在查阅近年来国内外最新文献的基础上,进行分析归纳,分为激光诱导击穿光谱的实验装置、方法研究以及在冶金分析、环境监测、生物医学、考古研究、地质探测、材料科学和其他领域的应用等几个部分做简要评述,试图把各篇文章的新点和亮点呈现给读者,以求共同促进激光诱导击穿光谱的繁荣与发展,使这种新型的光谱检测技术日臻完善,在科学研究和生产生活中发挥更大的作用.更多还原

【Abstract】 Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) is a spectroscopy detection technology. As sample is ablated by highenergy pulse laser, trace amounts of sample material gasify to form high temperature and density plasma. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical elements in the sample can be achieved through measuring wavelengths and spectral line intensity of plasma atomic emission spectrum. As a new spectroscopy detect technology in the field of analytical science, LIBS has developed rapidly in recent years, and new research results constantly emerging, the application scope expanding gradually. It shows more and more potential and vitality in terms of analysis of material composition elements. Since the method of using laser as excitation source of atomic emission spectrum was first put forward by Brech and Cross in 1962, spectrum researchers have being kept exploring in this regard. Especially during the last decade, LIBS have got the fast development. Relevant papers are increasing year by year. Compared with traditional methods of spectral analysis, such as Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy(ICP-AES), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy(AAS) and X-ray Fluorescence spectormetry(XRF), LIBS has many unique advantages: Strong ability to adapt to all kinds of phase states: gaseous, liquid, solid or particles. As pretreatment is simple or no sample pretreatment is needed, operating time is saved. As for laser excitation, there is no secondary pollution. LIBS is a pure elemental analysis technology. Similar to nondestructive examination reduce the losses of standard samples and test samples. LIBS is suitable for fast, real-time and in-field analysis, and therefore, it avoids the difficulties of sampling, packaging and transport. Through the surface determination and layers-in situ detection, it could be concluded the spatial distribution of analysis elements in the sample. Non-contact, remote probing and online analysis could be achieved, even in harsh environments. The operation of LIBS device is simple and convenient, and so forth. Due to its marked superiority in determination of material composition, spectrum researchers are interested in researching and applying LIBS increasingly. According to the latest related reports at home and abroad, the experimental apparatus, research methods and the applications of metallurgical analysis, environmental monitoring, biological medicine, archaeological researchs, geological exploration, materials science and other areas of LIBS are analysed and summarized in this paper. In order to jointly promote the prosperity and development of LIBS, the paper tries to present the new and light points of each article to the readers, making this new type of spectral detection technology gradually perfect, playing more important role in the scientific research, production and living.更多还原