【摘要】 采用样线法对辽宁滨海公路沿线的4种湿地类型——临海草地、沼泽湿地、稻田湿地、盐田及水产养殖场进行实地调查,探讨其物种组成及物种多样性的梯度变化规律。结果表明,在距公路由近及远的梯度上:1路肩、边沟、边沟外坡面上群落的建群种类变化明显,此外距离公路越远,越接近当地的植物种类;2 4种湿地类型中,临海草地和沼泽湿地的物种丰富度呈逐渐增加的格局,而稻田湿地和盐田的丰富度均呈现出先增加再减少的趋势;3群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与均匀度指数的变化格局基本一致,均表现为先升后降的形式;4群落的Sorenson指数与Cody指数的变化格局基本一致,均表现为先升后降的形式。研究认为:公路对植物物种多样性产生显著影响;在临近道路的区域,多样性的变化主要与道路结构部位的生境有关,而随着与公路之间距离的增加,多样性的变化程度逐渐减弱;从公路的影响范围来看,边沟外坡面(距路缘约10m处)是多样性受影响最为强烈的区域。更多还原

【Abstract】 Line transect method was employed to have an on-the-spot investigation to 4 types of wetlands,ocean-side grassland,marsh wetland,paddy field wetland,salt pond and the aquafarm along the coastal highway in Liaoning,the species composition and the gradient change law of species variety had been discussed. The result has shown that on the gradient outward from the highway: 1 the dominant species of the communities on the road shoulder,side ditch and slope outside the side ditch have a significant change; in addition,the farther from the highway,the more it is approximate to the local plant species; 2 in the 4 types of wetlands,the species richness of ocean-side grassland and marsh wetland presents a pattern of gradual increasing,while the richness of both the paddy field wetland and salt pond presents a trend of first increasing and then decreasing; 3 the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of each communities is basically consistent with the change pattern of Pielou evenness index,both presenting a form of first increasing and then decreasing; 4 the Sφrenson index and Cody index of the community are of basically consistent change pattern,both presenting the form of first increasing and then decreasing. According to the research,the highway has a significant influence on the species diversity; in the area adjacent to the road,the change of diversity is mainly associated with the habitat of different position from road,while with the increasing of distance from the road,the change of diversity has been gradually weakened; from the perspective of the influence range of road,the slope outside the ditch( about 10 m away from the road) is the area with the most abundant diversity.更多还原