【摘要】 流域水环境模型是研究流域水环境问题的重要工具。梳理了流域尺度水环境污染模型及水质风险评价方面的模型,基于流域水环境的污染负荷、水质模拟对整个流域合理规划、管理管控的重要性,从水环境污染负荷模型、水质模拟模型及水环境质量评价3个层面,探讨了各类水环境模型的特征及适用性。结合农业非点源与城市非点源污染负荷模型、稳态与动态模拟水质模型、确定性与不确定性水质评价模型,剖析了流域水环境模型的研究应用进展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The basin water environmental model is an important tool for water environment problem of river basin, which can provide a decision basis for planning and management. In this paper we firstly review river basin models of water environment pollution and water quality risk assessment. Secondly, on the basis of river basin water environment pollution load influence and water quality simulation for whole basin planning, we discuss and summarize the characteristics and applicability of various models of water environment including water pollution load model, water quality simulation model and water quality assessment. Thirdly, combined with agricultural areal source and urban areal source pollution load model, steady-state and dynamic water quality model, certainty and uncertainty evaluation model for water quality simulation, we analyze the development and importance of research and application in river basin water environment models.It is pointed out that we can provide reference data for total control by estimating the watershed pollutant emissions using water pollution load model; we can provide support for river basin water environment pollution control decision-making by effectively distinguishing the rules of migration of pollutants in the water with the water quality simulation model; and we can put forward new risk prevention and control strategies by identifying pollutant source and key risk areas through quality evaluation of water environment.更多还原