【摘要】 采用二甲基长链烷基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷为主要原料,在盐酸水溶液条件下,"一锅法"合成系列1,3-二（烷基二甲基氯化铵）异丙醇双子季铵盐〔m-3（OH）-m(m=C₈、C₁₀、C₁₂、C₁₄、C₁₆、C₁₈)〕;以熔点检测m-3（OH）-m型双子季铵盐纯度;以C12-3（OH）-C12为例,采用FTIR、1HNMR对其结构进行表征;分别测定不同浓度下各化合物表面张力,0.1%（质量分数）水溶液下的起泡能力、乳化能力。结果表明,随着m的变化,各化合物表面活性、起泡能力及乳化能力均呈现规律性变化;按照m=C₈、C₁₀、C₁₂、C₁₄、C₁₆、C₁₈的顺序,化合物CMC分别为0.09、0.075、0.03、0.024、0.026、0.14 mmol/L,γCMC分别为54.01、32.56、25.74、29.41、30.51、30.28 m N/m;起泡能力和起泡稳定性分别在m=C₁₀及m=C₁₂表现出较好效果;乳化能力在m=C14时效果较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under conditions of hydrochloric acid aqueous solution,long-chain alkyl dimethyl tertiary amine,epichlorohydrin as main raw materials,synthesised series of 1,3-bis（ alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride） isopropanol Gemini quaternary ammonium salt〔m-3（ OH）-m( m = C₈,C_<sub>10,C₁₂,C₁₄,C₁₆,C₁₈) 〕with one-pot method. Measuring the melting point as a method for the study to detect the purity of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt m-3（ OH）-m. In C12-3（ OH）-C12 case,FTIR and1 HNMR were adopted to structural characterization. Surface tension was measured at various concentrations,foaming ability and emulsifying ability were measured in 0. 1%（ mass fraction） aqueous solution. The results shows: With the change of m,surfactant,foaming power and emulsifying capacity shows a regular change for each compound. The CMC and γCMCof each compound respectively were 0. 09,0. 075,0. 03,0. 024,0. 026,0. 14 mmol / L and 54. 01,32. 56,25. 74,29. 41,30. 51,30. 28 m N / m in the order of m= C₈,C₁₀,C₁₂,C₁₄,C₁₆,C₁₈. Foaming capacity and foaming stability showed better results at m = C₁₀ and m = C₁₂. Emulsifying capacity revled the better result at m = C₁₄.更多还原