【摘要】 高速列车进入隧道产生初始压缩波,该压缩波以当地声速向隧道出口传播并产生脉冲波,脉冲波足够大时,会产生音爆响声。采用有限体积方法和任意滑移界面动网格技术方法,基于PISO算法和SSTk-ω高雷诺数湍流模型求解了高速列车通过隧道引起的三维可压缩非定常的空气湍流流动,数值模拟研究了我国高速列车和隧道条件下初始压缩波的基本特性。研究表明,初始压缩波是由于列车头部进入隧道瞬间洞内空气流动空间受到限制所形成的,形成初期具有三维特性,在传播一定距离后变成一维平面波。此外,在相同高度下,离车体越近初始压缩波变化越明显;靠近车体一侧离地面越近初始压缩波变化越大,而远离车体一侧初始压缩波变化基本一致;初始压缩波的压力时间变化率峰值与车速的三次方近似成正比。更多还原

【Abstract】 The initial compression wave was caused when a high-speed train enters a tunnel.This wave arrives at the exit portal of the tunnel at local speed of sound and produces a pulse wave.If the magnitude of this pulse wave is large enough,a sonic boom will be generated.Adopting the arbitrary sliding interface(ASI)method and the finite volume method(FVM),the basic characteristics of initial compression waves in a double track tunnel in our country is studied.The PISO algorism and Shear-Stress Transport(SST)k-ωturbulence model were used to solve the governing equations of three dimensional,compressible and unsteady turbulent air flow around the train.Numerical simulation shows that the initial compression wave is caused by the space restriction of the airflow around the train when it enters the tunnel portal.The three-dimensional characteristics are distinct at its initial stage,but smear out as its propagation along the tunnel.Finally,it changes into a one-dimensional plane wave after a certain distance.Furthermore,the magnitude of the initial compression waves is more severe near the train when the pressure monitors are at the same height.When the pressure monitors are closed to the train,the magnitude of the initial compression wave also is more severe near the ground.However,the initial compression waves are basically the same far away from the train.The magnitude of rate of change of initial compression wave is proximately proportional to the cube of the train speed.更多还原