【摘要】 无线传感器网络中的设备具有能量、缓存空间、通信和计算能力受限的特点。因此,无线传感器网络路由算法需要具备低存储开销、低计算复杂度、无路由发现等特征。HiLow是一种分层路由协议,它完全符合上述特点,且比IEEE 802.15.5具有更好的路由特性。但HiLow存在一些不足,如地址利用率低、仅适用于小规模网络等,无法应用于如环境监测、动物保护等具有较多节点数量和较大网络规模的应用场景。提出了一种两段地址分配策略TFA,它将16位地址分成两段,前段地址用于全功能设备的地址分配,后段地址用于精简功能设备的地址分配。理论分析和数值仿真显示,相比于HiLow,TFA具有更大的地址利用率和路由树最大深度,能够适用于更大规模的无线传感网络。分析了TFA的mesh路由优化特性,提出了基于TFA的mesh路由算法。仿真结果表明,基于TFA的mesh路由在存储空间使用和能耗等方面都优于IEEE 802.15.5。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the wireless sensor network device has requirements shuch as low power,low cost,small size and other requirements,its communication capability,computing power and memory space are extremely restricted.So,wireless sensor network routing algorithm must have the following characteristics:low storage overhead,low routing computation,no route discovery,et al.HiLow is a hierarchical routing protocol.It compliant with aforementioned characteristics and has better routing performance than IEEE 802.15.5.Since there are still problems such as low address utilization rate,only applicable to small-scale networks,HiLow cannot be applied in WSN application scenarios,such as environmental monitoring,animal protection,which require the deployment of a large number of sensor nodes.In this paper,we proposed a two-fragment address policy(TFA),in which 16-bit address is divided into two fields,the significant field is used for address allocation of full function devices,and the insignificant field is used for address allocation of reduced function devices.TFA has a higher address utilization rate and a larger maximum depth of routing tree than those of HiLow,which means that TFA is suitable for larger-scale networks.We also analyzed the features of TFA which can be used to optimize routing,and proposed a mesh routing algorithm based on local link state and TFA.Simulations show that the TFA based mesh routing outperforms IEEE 802.15.5 in terms of memory usage and energy consumption.更多还原