【摘要】 基于断裂力学理论对含表面撞击坑高铁车辆空心车轴进行疲劳断裂安全性分析.考虑车轮与车轴、齿轮与车轴的过盈配合效应,在压装部引入残余压应力,根据车轴实物撞击坑形貌和尺寸建立仿真模型;采用385 km/h高铁车轴实测动应力,经变换获得一维七级载荷谱.分析结果表明:对于深度为300μm的撞击抗,缺陷最深处的应力强度因子约为0.75 MPa·m^1/2,远小于BS-7910-2005标准规定值,据此认为带有单个深度为300μm撞击坑的空心车轴在正常服役期内不会发生裂纹萌生和扩展.研究结果可为我国高速列车检修规程和无损检测周期的制定提供参考.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the fracture mechanics theory,the fatigue crack safety is analyzed for a high-speed railway vehicle hollow axle with surface impact pits. Considering the interference fit effect of wheel-axle and gear-axle,the residual compressive stress is introduced into the press fits and the simulation model is built by the profile and size of the actual impact pits on axle surface. The 1D seven-stage load spectrum is obtained from the transformed measured dynamic stress of a 385 km / h high-speed train hollow axle. It is identified that,as to a single pit with a depth of 300 μm,the stress intensity factor of the node with the largest stress is about 0. 75 MPa·m^1/2,which is far smaller than that in BS-7910-2005,and so a single crater with a depth of 300 μm can not lead the crack initiation and propagation of hollow axle which is in normal operation. The safety of axles can be ensured. The research result provides important theoretical reference and scientific support for the articles of the maintenance of the China high-speed train.更多还原