【摘要】 光伏发电作为一种新兴的能源产业发展很快,近些年来在我国西北沙漠、戈壁地区也建立了一批光伏发电厂。那么,在沙漠、戈壁上建造光伏电厂有无生态学意义,有何生态学意义呢?本文运用河西走廊的气象资料和民勤沙区的光照观测资料以及植被观测资料,对此作了探索性分析。结果表明,1 m~2的光伏电池板转换的太阳能相当于民勤沙区260.75 m~2沙漠植被利用的太阳能。我国沙漠、戈壁面积广大,沙尘暴和风沙流发生频繁。沙漠、戈壁地区光照资源丰富,在沙漠、戈壁上发展光伏产业,不仅具有可观的经济效益,而且具有显著的生态学意义:一方面能有效调节地表的热力平衡,防止和减少沙尘暴和风沙流,光伏发电与防沙治沙相得益彰,是一种经济产出和生态防护双赢的产业。另一方面,无需占用耕地和其他可用土地资源,有利于保护国家的耕地"红线"。沙漠、戈壁地区也是多风的地区,光伏发电厂辅之以风力发电均有利于转化、消耗沙漠、戈壁地区沙尘暴和风沙流的动力源,由此减少沙尘暴和风沙流的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Photovoltaic(PV) power generation is an emerging energy industry that is developing rapidly. A number of PV power plants have been established in the desert and Gobi areas in northwest China in recent years. Is there any ecological significance to the establishment of PV power plants? If yes, what is it? This paper tries to find the answer by analyzing meteorological data from the Hexi Corridor as well as the observational data of light and vegetation in the Minqin desert area. The results show that the solar energy converted from 1 m~2 of PV panels is equivalent to the solar energy that is utilized by 260.75 m~2 of desert plants in the desert area. In China, there is vast area of desert and Gobi, with frequent dust storms and aeolian sand, as well as rich sunlight resources. Therefore, to develop the PV industry in the desert and Gobi regions will not only create considerable economic benefits, but will also be of great ecological significance. On the one hand, PV can effectively regulate thermodynamic equilibrium on the surface, helping to prevent sandstorms and reduce aeolian sand. The development of the PV industry is a win-win that generates economic returns and provides ecological protection by combating desertification. On the other hand, the PV industry can be developed without taking up arable land or other types of land. There are frequently high winds in the desert and Gobi region. PV power plants, together with wind power generation, are useful to transform and consume the power source that creates duststorms and aeolian sandflow in the desert and Gobi areas. This results in fewer sandstorms and reduced aeolian sandflow.更多还原