【摘要】 选取财经类、理工类和综合类三类不同类型的大学,从评价体系类型、评价指标的选择与构成、评价指标权重分配、评价方式、评价主体和评价标准六个方面,对国内高校大学生学业评价体系进行深入的比较和分析,发现国内高校现行的学业评价体系是一个以专业知识为主要考察内容,以考试为主要评价手段的学业成绩鉴定体系。学业评价实践操作中普遍存在着评价体制不够完善、对大学生共同素质缺乏明确的评价要求、实际评价内容与学校政策目标和师生期望存在较大差异等问题。因此,构建科学的学业评价体系在评价指标选择、评价主体和评价标准确定方面应更强调学生的主体性,侧重对学生在学习、科研、竞赛等活动上的参与、投入程度的考察,而不仅是针对结果的考核;重视对学生实践能力、态度和习惯、情感、意志、个性及人格等非认知因素方面等综合素质的考察。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking samples of three types of colleges in terms of finance and economics, science and engineering, and comprehensive colleges, the study compared and analyzed the academic evaluation systems from six aspects, including types of evaluation system, selection and structure of index, weight allocation of the index, evaluation pattern, subject of the evaluation and standard of evaluation. It is found that current academic evaluation systems at home take professional knowledge as the main evaluation content and exams as the major evaluation method. Common problems include unsound evaluation systems, lack of clear demand for the common qualities of students, and great differences between actual evaluation content, college objectives, and expectations of teachers and students. Therefore, student initiatives should be emphasized in selecting the index and setting up the evaluation subject and standard with stress on the student participation in learning, scientific research and contests, but not only the results. The evaluation should attach importance to non-cognitive factors such as practical capacity, attitude, habit, emotion, will, individuality and personality of the students. By doing so, a scientific academic evaluation system could be established.更多还原