【摘要】 目的了解手术室护士长时间站立时足底压力和肌肉骨骼的受损情况。方法 2014年4-5月便利选取黄冈市3所三级医院的85名手术室护士,采用足底压力测试仪对其手术30、60、90、120min时的足底压强进行测试,并用自制问卷对其肌肉骨骼受损情况进行调查。结果（1）手术30min时,手术室护士的前脚掌平均压强[（47.97±9.13）N·cm^-2]与足跟平均压强[（48.44±8.30）N·cm^-2]接近,足中部平均压强最低;随着站立时间的延长,前脚掌和足中部平均压强逐渐增加,足跟部压强逐渐降低,至90¹20min时,前脚掌平均压强明显大于足跟部（P<0.05）。（2）手术31⁶0 min、61⁹0 min两个时间段内出现肌肉骨骼不适感人数较多,分别为28.8%、39.2%;且61⁹0 min时不适感程度最高,其次为31⁶0 min;手术60min内,不适感主要集中在膝、踝、足底部位;手术进行90min以上,不适感部位以腰、背、髋部为主。结论手术室护士长时间站立时前足承担大部分的压力,应注意调节身体重心,调整足底压力分布,以加强对前足的保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the musculoskeletal injuries and planter pressure of prolonged standing of operation room nurses.Methods By convenience sampling,85 nurses were selected and their planter pressure after 30,60,90,120 min standing were tested.Their musculoskeletal injuries were investigated by self-designed questionnaire.Results（1）Forefeet average pressure [（47.97±9.13）N·cm^-2]was close to heel pressure[（48.44±8.30）N·cm^-2]at 30 min,the minimum average pressure was in the middle of the feet.The average pressures of middle of the feet and forefoot were increased,along with the standing time increasing,and the heels pressure were gradually reduced.The average pressure of forefeet was significantly larger than heel pressure during 90-120min（P<0.05）.（2）Majority of people had uncomfortable feeling of muscle and bone during 31-60 min and 61-90 min,which were 28.8%and 39.2%,respectively,and the degree of discomfort was ranked the highest in the period of 61-90 min,followed by31-60 min.During the 60 minutes of the operation,the uncomfortable parts were mainly knees,ankles and feet,while the uncomfortable feeling came from waist,back and hip muscles when the operation lasted over 90 min.Conclusions The front feet are taking most of the pressure after long-time standing.Operation room nurses should pay attention to adjusting the body’s center of gravity and the foot pressure to strengthen the protection of forefeet.更多还原