【摘要】 目的 研究厦门地区6~16岁城乡儿童的智力水平及结构特征差异。方法 采用分层随机抽样法,对厦门地区6~16岁城乡儿童进行随机抽样,共计纳入233人,采用韦氏儿童智力量表第四版(WISC-Ⅳ)中文版进行智力测量并分析测验结果。结果 城乡两组儿童智力水平分布的总体差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在总智商、各合成指数及除图画概念外各分测验的得分比较中,城市儿童高于农村儿童(P<0.05);在总智商、除知觉推理、加工速度外的各合成指数及类同、背数、词汇、字母数字、矩阵推理、理解分测验得分比较中,城市男童高于农村男童(P<0.05);在加工速度指数及译码、理解分测验得分比较中,城市女童高于农村女童(P<0.05)。结论 厦门地区6~16岁城乡儿童在智力水平及智力结构上存在差异,具有城市优于农村的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the level and structure of intelligence difference in 6-16 years old children between urban and rural area in Xiamen.Methods A total of 233 children aged 6-16 in urban and rural area of Xiamen were selected randomly by stratified cluster sampling method.The Chines Wechsler Intelligence Scale of the fourth edition(WISC-Ⅳ) was used to measure the intelligence.Results The difference of distribution of intelligence level was statistically significant between urban group and rural group(P<0.05).The general intelligence,synthetic indexes and subtest scores besides drawing concept were significantly higher in urban group(P<0.05).In boys,the total intelligence quotient(IQ),synthetic indexes besides perception reasoning and processing speed and subtest scores of affinity,backward numbers,words,alphanumeric,matrix reasoning and understanding were all higher in urban group(P<0.05).In girls,the subtest scores of processing speed,decode and understanding were higher in urban group(P<0.05).Conclusions The level and structure of intelligence in 6-16 years old children are different between urban and rural areas in Xiamen.Children in urban area are better than those in rural area.更多还原