【摘要】 首先回顾了基于海底缆线的海峡水通量观测理论方法的发展历程,对基于电压测量的水通量反演方法进行了梳理,重点阐述了其中的关键观测要素和主要误差来源。为了提升系统可靠性、摒弃外界因素干扰,提出了一种基于感应电流测量的观测方法。对比传统方法,分析了本方法的优缺点,评估了基于本方法的海洋观测系统建设需求和可能性。最后应用本系统建立的一个理想海域——青岛胶州湾湾口各类海洋要素的典型取值范围,通过合理的特征尺度估算和量纲分析,估计了基于电流测量的观测系统中的各类设备的参数要求,其中关键测量器材——电流表至少应满足观测量程覆盖10^–110¹ m A,观测精度大于1μA,取样频率大于1/60 Hz。在电学测量仪器中,适应本系统要求的器材较普遍,可选择的测量仪器种类较丰富。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, first, we review the course of developing a submarine cable observational system using water flux through a strait. Second, by analyzing the inverse method of water flux when measuring the motion-induced voltage, we focus on the key observational elements and the main error sources. In order to improve the reliability of the observation system and reduce interference, we propose a new observational system based on measuring the motion-induced electric current. By comparing with the traditional method, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method and evaluate the demand and possibility of constructing such an observation system. Finally, by using the typical ranges of marine elements in the mouth of the Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, which is an ideal area for building the observation system; furthermore, by estimating the characteristic scale and conducting a dimension analysis, we find the parameter requirements of devices that are present in a system, which measures the motion-induced electric current. An ammeter with an observational accuracy of greater than 1 μA and a sampling rate higher than 1/60 Hz is required to measure in the range of 10^-1—10 m A, which is the key measurement equipment used for this system. This requirement is common in electrical measurement instruments, and a wide variety of devices with such specifications are available.更多还原