【摘要】 半导体光催化技术不仅可以将太阳能转化为化学能,还可以直接降解和矿化有机污染物,因此其在抑制环境污染和解决能源短缺方面具有广阔的应用前景。类石墨相氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）具有独特的电子能带结构、优异的热稳定性以及化学稳定性,因此g-C₃N₄作为一种廉价的无金属光催化剂被广泛应用于光解水制氢产氧、污染物降解、光催化CO2还原、抗菌和有机官能团选择性转换等领域。然而,传统热缩聚法合成的g-C₃N₄光催化剂比表面积小、禁带宽度大、光生电子-空穴易于复合、光生载流子传输慢,抑制了其光催化活性。为了进一步提高g-C₃N₄的光催化活性,出现了多种改性方法。本文针对g-C₃N₄光催化剂的改性研究,综述了近年来国内外在g-C₃N₄光催化剂改性方面的重要研究进展,如采用模板法优化g-C₃N₄的纳米结构、元素掺杂及共聚合调控g-C₃N₄的能带结构、贵金属沉积或半导体复合提高光生载流子分离效率等。最后,本文还展望了g-C₃N₄光催化剂在改性方面的未来发展趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Semiconductor photocatalysis not only can directly convert solar energy into chemical energy but also degrade and mineralize organic pollutants,which is considered as one of promising techniques to address the global energy and environmental problems.Due to the unique electronic band strcture,thermal and chemical stabilit,polymeric graphitic carbon nitride（g-C₃N₄）,which is a low-cost and metal-free photocatalyst is widely applied in hydrogen evolution,water oxidation,environmental remediation,CO₂-to-CO conversion,photocatalytic antibacterial,as well as originic photosynthesis.However,the g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst synthesized by traditional thermal polyconsendation method has small surface area and large band gap,and the photogenerated electron-hole pairs is easily to recombine,and the photon-generated carriers transfer slowly,all of these defects suppressed the photocatalytic activity severely.In order to enhance the photocatalytic activity of gC₃N₄,some modification methods are utilized.This review aims at summarizing recent advances in the modification of g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst,including nanostructure designing,band gap engineering and promoting the separation of energy-wasteful charge recombination.At the end,the prospects for the modification of g-C₃N₄photocatalyst are also discussed.更多还原