【摘要】 以花瓣球形的聚苯胺(PANI)为前驱体,经炭化和KOH活化制备出球形结构的多孔炭.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、低温N2吸脱附、X射线衍射(XRD)以及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等分析手段对多孔炭的形貌、结构和元素组成进行表征,并探讨了炭化温度对多孔炭电化学性能的影响.结果表明:炭化和活化温度分别为750℃和850℃时,获得的多孔炭为直径约2μm的球形粒子,其比表面积高达2 496.6m2/g,并具有合适的多级孔结构分布.当电流密度为0.5A/g时,合成的多孔炭比电容值高达247F/g;当电流密度增大到20A/g时,比电容量仍有182F/g,表现出优良的倍率性能;在电流密度为10A/g的条件下,经1 000次恒电流充放电循环后,其比电容量保持率为102%.更多还原

【Abstract】 Porous spherical carbon was prepared by using petal-spherical polyaniline(PANI)as a precursor through carbonization and activation with KOH.The morphology,structure and surface chemical composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),N2adsorption-desorption,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The influence of carbonization temperature on electrochemical performance of porous carbon was also investigated.For the obtained spherical particle with the small diameter of about 2μm,large specific surface area was up to 2 496.6m2/g,and some optimized porous was also distributed at the carbonization temperature of 750 ℃ and activation temperature 850 ℃.Meanwhile,the synthesized porous carbon exhibited a high specific capacitance up to 247F/g at 0.5A/g,and 182F/g even at a high current density of 20A/g,which indicated good rate capability.Moreover,102% of the initial specific capacitance was retained after1 000 cycles at a high current density of 10A/g.更多还原