【摘要】 目的比较不同类型气垫床及翻身间隔时间预防重型颅脑损伤患者压疮的效果。方法将180例压疮高危患者随机分为A、B、C、D、E、F六组,A、B、C组采用喷气式气垫床,翻身时间分别间隔2h、3h、4h;D、E、F组采用动态交替式气垫床,翻身间隔时间同前;连续观察72h,每次翻身观察记录患者皮肤压疮发生情况、压疮前期表现及Braden评分。结果六组患者均未发生压疮。干预后不同时间六组压疮前期发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);干预72hB组和E组、C组和F组差异有统计学意义(均P<0.00313)。六组Braden评分在干预前、干预后各时间段组内比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。组内比较,F组有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论重症颅脑损伤患者应用两种气垫床均能有效预防压疮,动态交替式气垫床效果更优。使用动态交替式气垫床可将翻身间隔时间延长至4h。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To compare the effect of two kinds of air mattresses and different repositioning schedules on pressure ulcer prevention among patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods Totally 180 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were randomly assigned into group A,B,C,D,E and F.Group A,B and C lied on static air mattress and were repositioned every 2h,3hor 4hrespectively,while group D,E and F lied on dynamic alternating air mattress and were also repositioned every 2h,3h or 4hrespectively.The incidence rates of pressure ulcer,pressure ulcer pre-symptoms and Braden score were recorded before each reposition within 72 h.Results No pressure ulcer was observed in all the six groups,while significant differences were found among the 6groups in the rates of pressure ulcer pre-symptoms at different time points(P<0.05,P<0.01),and between the two groups with the same repositioning schedules(B vs E and C vs F)at 72 h.For each of the 6groups,the Braden scores had no significant differences before and after the intervention(P>0.05 for all).In term of F group,the Braden scores after the intervention was much higher than that before the intervention(P<0.01).Conclusion Both types of the air mattresses can effectively prevent pressure ulcer in patients with severe traumatic brain injury,with dynamic alternatiry air mattress being better.The repositioning schedules can be extended to every four hours if patients are lying on dynamic alternating air mattress.更多还原