【摘要】 目的:了解65岁以上住院患者皮肤撕裂伤患病率、相关因素及护理现状。方法:采用横断面观察法,以某两个时点某三级甲等医院833例65岁以上住院患者为研究对象。结果:发现皮肤撕裂伤患者28例32处,65岁以上住院患者皮肤撕裂伤现患率3.36%。32处皮肤撕裂伤分级:1a级10处(31.25%),1b级6处(18.75%),2a级11处(34.38%),2b级2处(6.25%),3级3处(9.38%)。发生部位以四肢为主,其中双上肢11处(34.38%),双下肢7处(21.88%)。28例皮肤撕裂伤患者发生原因前3位为钝力损伤9例(32.14%),日常生活活动7例(25.00%),跌倒和不明原因损伤各3例(10.71%)。皮肤撕裂伤发生与患者年龄、跌倒史、活动能力有关。有皮肤撕裂伤患者与无皮肤撕裂伤患者相比,Braden评分感觉、潮湿、活动力、移动力、摩擦力和剪切力5个条目得分较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:65岁以上住院患者皮肤撕裂伤现患率低于国外文献报道水平,但高于国内综合医院压疮现患率,护士对皮肤撕裂伤认知程度较差,临床护理实践处于忽略状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To learn about the prevalence of skin laceration,relevant factors and current nursing situation of inpatients above 65 years old. Methods:Adopted cross-sectional observation method,and took 833 inpatients above 65 years old in a certain grade A hospital at two points of time as research objects.Results: There were 28 skin laceration patients with 32 lacerations,and the skin laceration prevalence rate of inpatients above 65 years old was 3. 36%. The 32 skin laceration classification: including 10 grade 1a( 31. 25%),6 grade 1b( 18. 75%),11 grade 2a( 34. 38%),2 grade 2b( 6. 25%),and 3 grade 3( 9. 38%). The main pathogenic sites were limbs,with 11 lacerations on bilateral upper limbs( 34. 38%),and 7 lacerations on bilateral lower limbs( 21. 88%). The top 3 reasons for laceration of the 28 patients were as follows: 9 cases resulting from blunt force traumas( 32. 14%),7 cases resulting from daily activities( 25. 00%),and 3 cases respectively resulting from tumble and unknown reasons( 10. 71%). The occurrence of skin laceration was related to patients’ age,tumble history and mobility; compared to patients with and without skin laceration,scores of Braden’s 5 items of feeling,humidity,mobility,locomotivity,friction force and shearing force were relatively low,and the difference was of statistical significance( P < 0. 05). Conclusion: The skin laceration prevalence rate of inpatients above 65 years old was lower than that of the level reported in foreign literature,but higher than the pressure ulcer prevalence rate of domestic general hospital,the nurses’ cognition of skin laceration was relatively low and clinical nursing practice was in a neglected state.更多还原