【摘要】 过渡金属氧化物、锡基、硅基负极材料,由于其高比容量以及丰富的储量近年来引起人们的广泛关注.这些负极材料在脱嵌锂时体积将会发生大的膨胀和收缩,使电极材料承受大的形变应力,容易使活性材料粉化,并进一步导致循环性能恶化.该缺点严重限制了这类高能量密度负极材料的进一步应用,本文总结了影响这类材料循环性能的关键因素,并结合这一领域近几年的研究进展,深入讨论了微结构对这类高能量密度锂电池负极材料循环性能的影响,以及人们如何通过特殊的结构设计来改善因颗粒粉化导致恶化的循环性能.更多还原

【Abstract】 Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are important for energy storage due to their high energy density,long cycle life and environmental friendness.Transition-metal oxides and Sn-or Si-based materials have attached much attention because of their high theoretical specific capacity and natural abundance.However,these materials have some disadvantage,such as poor conductivity and huge volume expansion during charge/discharge cycling.The strain coming from the volume change will cause electrode material to fracture or pulverize.As a consequence,the active materials lost their cycle stability which is an important standard for LIBs.The problems caused by huge volume change have limited the application of the materials.In this review,the development of the volume expansive anodes in recent years was summarized.Meanwhile,the key factor impacting cycling performance and the method of the structure design was introduced to understand how the researchers establish a stable microstructure to improve the cycle performance.By focusing on the structure design of transition-metal oxides and Snand Si-based materials,we expect to provide some insights on the relation of micro-structure fabrication and electrochemistry performance of the materials.更多还原