【摘要】 为全面了解冬季北半球中高纬度地区臭氧与同期北极极涡强度变化的相关关系,利用1979年1月至2011年12月欧洲中心再分析资料,选取了4个关键区(北极、东亚、北美和西欧),采用相关分析和E-P通量计算方法,分析了两者之间的相关关系并进行了机制研究。结果表明:(1)冬季北极平流层臭氧总量与极涡强度的负相关关系较好;(2)当极涡强(弱)年,极圈内和外围的北美部分地区臭氧总量显著减少(增加);(3)极涡强度弱时,上传到平流层的涡动热通量强,北半球中高纬地区E-P通量散度辐合增强,剩余环流加强,将导致该地区得到低纬高浓度臭氧的补充而使得臭氧含量增多;(4)1979-2011年上传到中高纬平流层的波动通量增加,造成极区温度增加,进而抑制非均相反应发生而使得极区臭氧含量增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to fully understand the relationship between atmospheric ozone in the mid-high latitude over the Northern Hemisphere(NH)and the polar vortex intensity(PVI)in winter,according to the correlation method and E-P flux method,the relationship between them are analyzed(the four key regions included Arctic,East Asia,North America and Western Europe are taken as samples)and their influence mechanism have been studied based on ECMWF reanalysis data during January 1979 to December 2011. The results show as following.Firstly,there was a significant negative correlation between the total amount of ozone and PVI in the stratosphere of the Arctic in winter. Secondly,in the years whose average PVI values were bigger(smaller),the total amount of ozone in the polar and North America area decreased(increased)significantly. Thirdly,when PVI was weaker,the vortex- motion heat flux to the stratosphere was stronger,and there was an enhanced convergence of E-P flux divergence in the mid-high latitude,which resulted in residual circulation increasing and led to shifting high concentration ozone from the mid- low latitude areas to mid- high latitude areas,as a result,the ozone increased in high latitude areas. Finally,the vortex-motion heat flux in the stratosphere over the mid-high latitude areas had an increasing trend form 1979 to 2011,leading to the increase of temperature in the north pole,which resulted in the inhibition of heterogeneous reaction to increase the total amount of ozone in north pole region in the end.更多还原